REGRAS GRAMATICAIS
Subject and verb agreement.
Agreement between the subject and the verb is essential to ensure that your sentences are grammatically correct.
Pay attention to the number and person of the subject when conjugating verbs.
Singular: She likes chocolate ice cream. (She likes chocolate ice cream).
Plural subject: They like chocolate ice cream. (They like chocolate ice cream).
Personal and possessive pronouns Personal pronouns (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) are used to refer to people or things, while possessive pronouns (my, your, his, her, its, our, their) indicate possession.
Articles (definite and indefinite) The articles “the” (definite) and “a/an” (indefinite) are used to specify or generalize nouns.
The main difference between them lies in the specificity with which they refer to the noun. Defined (the): the book, the cat, the house.
They are generally used to refer to something already mentioned previously in the speech or that is generally known. Indefinite (a/an): a book (a book), an apple (an apple), a car (a car).
They are generally used to refer to something for the first time or that is not generally known.
Sentence structure (word order) Word order in English is structured like this:
Affirmative: subject – verb – object. Ex.: She studies English. (She studies English).
Negative: subject – auxiliary verb – not – verb – object.
Ex.: She doesn’t (doesn’t) study French. (She doesn't study French).
Interrogative: interrogative word (who/where/when…) – auxiliary verb – subject – verb – object.
Ex: Does she like pizza? (Does she like pizza?).
Uses of common prepositions.
Prepositions indicate the relationship between words in a sentence, such as time, place, and direction.
In: used to indicate locations, seasons, months, time of day, closed place, etc. Ex.: In the house, in the car, in the morning. (Inside the house, in the car, in the morning).
On: used to indicate surfaces, specific days, reference, condition and time.
Ex.: On the table, on the wall, on Monday. (On the table, on the wall, on Monday).
At: used to indicate specific places and times, times, reference to places you go daily, such as school, work and home.
Ex.: At school, at the hospital, at home. (At school, at the hospital, at home).
Adjectives can vary in degree
(normal, comparative and superlative).
The superlative is used to express the highest and most intense
degree of a characteristic or quality. It usually establishes a
relationship between a noun and a group of nouns.
Adjective Comparative form Superlative form.
bad* worse than the worst
beautiful more beautiful than the most beautiful
big bigger than the biggest
busy busier than the busiest
cheap cheaper than the cheapest
clever* cleverer than; more clever than
the most clever; the cleverest
cold colder than the coldest
crazy crazier than the craziest
dangerous more dangerous than the most dangerous
difficult more difficult than the most difficult
easy easier than the easiest
elegant more elegant than the most elegant
expensive more expensive than the most expensive
famous more famous thanthe most famous
far* farther than (lugar); further than (lugar e tempo)
the farthest (lugar); the furthest (lugar e tempo)
fast faster than the fastest
fat fatter than the fattest
gentle* gentler than;
more gentle than the gentlest;
the most gentle
good* better than the best
happy happier than the happiest
high higher than the highest
humble humbler than the humblest
important more important than the most important
intelligent more intelligent than the most intelligent
interesting more interesting than the most interesting
large larger than the largest
little* less than the least
long longer than the longest
lovely* lovelier than;
more lovely than the loveliest;
the most lovely
many more than the most
modern more modern than the most modern
much* more than the most
narrow narrower than the narrowest
new newer than the newest
old older than the oldest
polite* politer than;
more polite than the politest;
the most polite
poor poorer than the poorest
sad sadder than the saddest
short shorter than the shortest
simple simpler than the simplest
small smaller than the smallest
strong stronger than the strongest
sweet sweeter than the sweetest
tall taller than the tallest
tangled more tangled than the most tangled
tender tenderer than the tenderest
thin thinner than the thinnest
tilted more tilted than the most tilted
ugly uglier than the ugliest
valuable more valuable than the most valuable
weak weaker than the weakest
well* better than the best
young younger than the youngest
